The　research　on　high-power　ultrafast　thulium-doped　fiber　lasers　at　2　mu　m　wavelength　and　mid-infrared　(mid-IR)　supercontinuum　sources　at　2　similar　to　5　mu　m　wavelength　is　one　of　these　hot　spots　because　of　their　potential　applications　in　eye-safe　radar,　material　processing,　and　electro-optical　countermeasure　system,　which　has　an　irreplaceable　role　compared　to　other　wavelength　fiber　lasers.　Here,　we　review　the　recent　work　of　our　group　at　2　mu　m　high-power　ultrafast　thulium-doped　fiber　lasers　and　2　similar　to　5　mu　m　high-power　mid-IR　supercontinuum　sources.　Firstly,　we　demonstrate　a　high-power　picosecond-pulsed　thulium-doped　all-fiber　master-oscillator　power-amplifier　(MOPA),　which　yielded　120　W　of　average　output　power　at　central　wavelength　of　1963　nm　with　pulse　duration　of　16　ps.　And　then,　we　demonstrate　a　203　W　average　power　all-polarization-maintaining　(all-PM)　thulium-doped　fiber　MOPA　system　delivering　picosecond　pulses　without　using　conventional　chirped　pulse　amplication　(CPA)　technique.　The　pulse　duration　of　15　ps　at　611.5　MHz　repetition-rate　results　in　a　peak-power　of　22　kW　in　the　final　PM　thulium-doped　fiber　power　amplifier.　The　polarization　extinction　ratio　(PER)　at　the　highest　average　output　power　was　measured　to　be　＞15　dB,　further　power　scaling　is　limited　by　available　pump　power.　Finally,　we　demonstrate　a　high-power　mid-IR　supercontinuum　generation　with　up　to　21.8　W　average　power　and　spectrum　spanning　from　1.9　to　beyond　3.8　mu　m　in　a　single-mode　ZBLAN　fiber　pumped　by　a　2　mu　m　amplified　picosecond　pulses　from　a　single-mode　thulium-doped　all-fiber　MOPA.