In　this　article,　the　dynamic　compressive　behavior　of　asphalt　concrete　was　investigated　through　the　servo-hydraulic　compressive　test　and　Split　Hopkinson　Pressure　Bar　(SHPB)　test.　At　a　given　temperature,　asphalt　concrete　deformed　slowly　and　permanently　under　quasi-static　to　low　strain　rate　loading.　Under　higher　strain　rates　loading,　it　suffered　fracture.　The　failure　plane　of　the　asphalt　concrete　under　low　strain　rates　loading　occurred　at　binder,　while　under　high　strain　rates　loading　along　the　binder　and　aggregates.　It　was　also　found　that　the　first　branch　of　Dynamic　Increase　Factor　(DIF)　curve　performed　a　smooth　increase　in　strength,　while　the　second　branch　increased　sharply　at　the　strain　rate　of　100　s(-1).　The　suitability　of　the　input　DIF　curve　for　numerical　simulation　was　also　discussed.　A　numerical　model　of　asphalt　concrete　subjected　to　the　SHPB　test　was　developed　and　validated.　It　suggests　the　obtained　compressive　DIFs　of　asphalt　concrete　should　be　modified　to　avoid　the　duplication　of　the　inertial　effects.　The　modified　DIF　curve　for　current　asphalt　concrete　material　was　also　given.　This　research　will　be　of　direct　importance　to　both　practitioners　and　researchers　involved　with　pavement　design.