In　this　study,　a　novel　piezoelectric　energy　harvester　(PEH)　based　on　the　array　composite　spherical　particle　chain　was　constructed　and　explored　in　detail　through　simulation　and　experimental　verification.　The　power　test　of　the　PEH　based　on　array　composite　particle　chains　in　the　self-powered　system　was　realized.　Firstly,　the　model　of　PEH　based　on　the　composite　spherical　particle　chain　was　constructed　to　theoretically　realize　the　collection,　transformation,　and　storage　of　impact　energy,　and　the　advantages　of　a　composite　particle　chain　in　the　field　of　piezoelectric　energy　harvesting　were　verified.　Secondly,　an　experimental　system　was　established　to　test　the　performance　of　the　PEH,　including　the　stability　of　the　system　under　a　continuous　impact　load,　the　power　adjustment　under　different　resistances,　and　the　influence　of　the　number　of　particle　chains　on　the　energy　harvesting　efficiency.　Finally,　a　self-powered　supply　system　was　established　with　the　PEH　composed　of　three　composite　particle　chains　to　realize　the　power　supply　of　the　microelectronic　components.　This　paper　presents　a　method　of　collecting　impact　energy　based　on　particle　chain　structure,　and　lays　an　experimental　foundation　for　the　application　of　a　composite　particle　chain　in　the　field　of　piezoelectric　energy　harvesting.　©　2021　by　the　authors.　Licensee　MDPI,　Basel,　Switzerland.