Purpose　of　Review　Livestock　wastewater　is　a　valuable　vein　of　resources　for　the　production　of　reused　water,　renewable　energy,　and　fertilizers.　This　review　aims　to　provide　a　comprehensive　understanding　on　the　opportunities　and　challenges　to　anaerobic　membrane　bioreactors　(AnMBRs)　for　livestock　wastewater　treatment　and　resource　recovery.　Recent　Findings　AnMBRs　that　integrates　a　membrane　filtration　process　with　anaerobic　digestion　exhibit　high　promise　for　livestock　wastewater　treatment　and　resource　recovery.　Organic　matter　in　livestock　wastewater　can　be　biodegraded　for　the　production　of　methane-rich　biogas　and　bioactive　substances,　such　as　phytohormones,　free　amino　acids,　vitamins,　and　inorganic　nutrients　(e.g.　ammonium　and　phosphate).　Thus,　the　AnMBR　effluent　from　livestock　wastewater　treatment　can　be　potentially　used　for　direct　irrigation　and　processed　for　nutrient　capture,　for　example,　by　struvite　crystallization.　Nevertheless,　there　remain　several　technical　challenges　to　AnMBR　development　for　livestock　wastewater　treatment.　These　mainly　include　digester　susceptibility　to　inhibitory　substances,　low　removal　of　antibiotics　and　heavy　metals,　and　membrane　fouling.　Thus,　recent　studies　have　proposed　several　potential　approaches　to　address　these　challenges　to　accelerate　AnMBR　development.　These　approaches　can　be　largely　classified　as　wastewater　regulation,　microbial　acclimatization,　process　optimization,　and　amender　addition.　In　this　paper,　we　critically　reviewed　the　performance　of　AnMBR　for　livestock　wastewater　treatment　with　respective　to　biogas　production　and　contaminant　removal.　Key　technical　challenges　and　their　potential　countermeasures　were　delineated　to　shed　light　on　further　development　of　AnMBR　in　the　field.