A　numerical　simulation　method　of　shield　tunnel　excavation　is　developed　to　capture　the　time-dependent　deformation　behaviour　of　surrounding　soil.　The　simulation　method　consists　of　four　parts:　(i)　an　elastic-plastic-viscous　constitutive　model　that　can　not　only　reasonably　describe　the　viscous　deformation　behaviour　of　soil,　but　also　appropriately　calculate　the　plastic　deformation　under　typical　stress　paths　of　excavation;　(ii)　simulation　of　main　factors　related　to　shield　tunnel　excavation,　including　the　shield　machine,　face　pressure,　lining,　grout　behavior,　and　contacts　between　multiple　media;　(iii)　a　simulation　procedure　for　excavation　to　reflect　the　process　of　shield　tunnel　excavation　and　achieve　reasonable　stress　and　strain　fields　at　the　end　of　the　construction　stage;　(iv)　a　creep　process　that　is　used　to　investigate　the　long-term　mechanical　behaviours　of　the　surrounding　soil　and　tunnel　lining.　Taking　the　CK570H　tunnel　project　in　Taipei　as　the　background,　a　numerical　simulation　is　conducted　by　adopting　the　developed　simulation　method.　Based　on　the　simulation　results,　the　radial　and　circumferential　stresses　acting　on　the　lining,　which　are　induced　by　the　surrounding　soil　viscosity,　are　analysed.　The　rule　of　the　mechanical　response　of　lining,　including　its　deformation,　bending　moment,　and　axial　force,　with　time　is　revealed.　On　this　basis,　the　long-term　safety　of　the　lining　is　evaluated.