Based　on　the　traffic　data　of　Beijing,　this　paper　uses　the　principal　component　analysis　method　to　establish　a　reliable　indicator　system　of　efficiency　evaluation.　It　then　uses　the　three-stage　DEA　model　to　evaluate　the　efficiency　of　rail　transit　and　ground　bus　in　2008-2017,　which　describes　the　development　trend　and　effective　situation　of　rail　transit　and　ground　bus　in　Beijing　in　the　past　ten　years.　Besides,　it　also　compares　and　analyzes　the　calculated　efficiency　before　and　after　the　adjustment.　The　research　shows　that　the　overall　operation　efficiency　of　rail　transit　is　high　and　rising　year　by　year,　but　the　overall　operation　efficiency　of　ground　bus　is　low　and　declining　in　recent　years.　The　number　of　vehicles,　as　an　environmental　variable,　leads　to　the　virtual　high　and　causes　a　significant　impact　on　the　comprehensive　efficiency　and　pure　technical　efficiency　of　rail　transit,　but　has　little　impact　on　the　scale　efficiency.　Also,　it　leads　to　the　virtual　high　of　comprehensive　efficiency　and　pure　technical　efficiency　of　ground　bus　but　underestimates　the　scale　efficiency.