The　enclosure　structure　is　an　indispensable　part　of　the　construction　system　of　the　prefabricated　subway　station　structure　(PSSS),　and　has　a　significant　impact　on　the　overall　mechanics　and　deformation　performance,　soil　structure　interaction,　seismic　performance　and　damage　characteristics　of　the　PSSS.　In　order　to　study　the　effect　of　the　enclosure　structure　on　the　seismic　response　of　the　PSSS,　a　series　of　large-scale　shaking　table　tests　of　a　PSSS　with　and　without　an　enclosure　structure　were　carried　out　to　study　in　detail　the　seismic　response　characteristics　of　the　model　system,　such　as　macroscopic　phenomena,　acceleration,　strain,　and　joint　deformation.　Then　the　mechanism　of　the　enclosure　structure　in　strengthening　the　seismic　performance　of　the　PSSS　was　revealed.　Finally,　the　seismic　damage　evolution　mechanism　of　the　PSSS　with　the　enclosure　structure　was　explained　systematically.　The　results　showed　that　the　PSSS　with　the　enclosure　structure　had　good　seismic　performance,　and　the　collaborative　seismic　design　of　the　enclosure　structure　and　PSSS　should　be　paid　attention　to.　The　acceleration　response　of　the　foundation　soil　and　PSSS　increased　due　to　the　existence　of　the　enclosure　structure,　but　the　enclosure　structure　effectively　improved　the　deformation　resistance　and　joint　stiffness　of　the　PSSS　and　reduced　the　local　stress　concentration　of　the　structure.　The　enclosure　structure　and　the　prefabricated　structure　together　constituted　a　complete　structural　system　to　resist　earthquake　action,　and　could　effectively　reduce　the　seismic　damage　to　the　PSSS.　Under　an　extreme　earthquake,　the　PSSS　degenerated　into　a　three-hinged　arch　structure,　and　still　had　a　certain　self-balancing　performance,　which　made　it　less　prone　to　serious　damage　such　as　overall　collapse.　The　research　conclusions　could　provide　a　scientific　reference　for　the　design　and　construction　of　PSSS.