Hydrogen-fueled　Wankel　rotary　engine　(HWRE)　as　an　excellent　power　device　deserves　more　in-depth　study.　The　goal　of　this　work　is　to　provide　a　more　comprehensive　understanding　of　the　pros　and　cons　of　HWRE　and　what　should　be　done　when　developing　a　hydrogen-specific　WRE　by　comparing　HWRE　with　hydrogen-fueled　recip-rocating　piston　engine　(HRPE),　as　well　as　some　gasoline-fueled　conditions,　in　terms　of　combustion,　emissions　and　abnormal　combustion.　The　results　show　that　HWRE　can　achieve　higher　power　per　displacement　compared　to　the　RPE　fueled　by　whether　gasoline　or　hydrogen,　as　well　as　slightly　low　brake　thermal　efficiency　and　extremely　poor　NO　emission.　At　2500　r/min,　the　maximum　power　per　displacement　of　HWRE　is　1.66　and　1.23　times　that　of　hydrogen　and　gasoline　RPE,　respectively,　however,　accompanying　absolute　reductions　of　4.96%　and　3.06%　in　maximum　brake　thermal　efficiency.　In　addition,　the　characteristics　and　mechanisms　of　abnormal　combustion　in　HWREs　are　different　compared　to　HRPEs.　In　particular,　in　HWRE,　the　backfire　can　be　eliminated　by　the　improvement　of　the　spark　plug　hole,　while　the　knock　problem　is　more　prominent.　Overall,　HWREs　have　the　potential　to　win　a　place　in　the　future　of　zero-carbon　engines,　however,　some　works,　such　as　improving　thermal　efficiency,　reducing　thermal　load　and　preventing　knock,　need　to　be　done　for　the　development　of　hydrogen-specific　WRE.