Purpose　Dissolved　oxygen　(DO)　has　important　effects　on　microorganisms,　phosphorus　cycle　genes,　and　phosphorus　release　from　sediments.　However,　the　mechanism　by　which　DO　affects　the　release　of　phosphorus　through　microorganisms　and　genes　is　not　obvious.　This　paper　aims　to　investigate　how　microorganisms　and　genes　affect　the　release　of　phosphorus　from　sediments　under　different　dissolved　oxygen　conditions.　Materials　and　methods　Sediment　and　water　samples　were　collected　and　placed　in　incubators　for　30　and　60　days　of　culture.　Dissolved　oxygen　concentrations　were　maintained　at　0.5　mg　L-1,　1　mg　L-1,　2　mg　L-1,　and　3　mg　L-1.　Fluorescence　was　used　to　quantitatively　determine　the　number　of　functional　genes,　obtain　microbial　species　through　high-throughput　sequencing,　and　analyze　the　correlation　with　phosphorus　in　sediments.　Results　and　discussion　At　the　genus　level,　Pseudomonas　has　a　greater　contribution　to　mineralization.　On　the　30th　day,　as　the　concentration　of　DO　increased,　the　number　of　functional　genes　(phoD,　ppk,　and　qppC)　increased　significantly.　The　expression　of　phoD　(alkaline　phosphatase　gene)　and　pqqC　(pyrroloquinoline　quinone)　together　promoted　the　release　of　phosphorus.　After　60　days　culture,　the　ReP　(the　release　of　phosphorus　from　sediments)　content　decreased　from　53.5　to　14.2　mg　kg(-1)　with　increasing　DO　concentration.　Conclusions　OrP　(organic　phosphorus)　and　AcP　(acid　extracted　phosphorus)　are　converted　to　AlP　(alkali　extracted　phosphorus)　and　thus　lead　to　the　reduction　of　ReP.　The　expression　of　ppk　(polyphosphate　kinase)　gene　was　inhibited　under　low　DO　and　promoted　the　release　of　phosphorus.