As　the　essential　infrastructure　and　one　of　the　transportation　centers,　most　cities　now　have　more　than　one　airport.　Mass　constructions　of　sustainable　airports　play　an　important　role　for　sustainable　cities　and　societies.　The　energy　consumption　of　airport　terminals　poses　a　major　challenge　to　the　carbon　neutrality　policy　due　to　the　high　energy　demand　and　round-the-clock　operation　of　these　terminals.　One　major　direction　for　sustainable　future　is　to　make　buildings　smart　in　terms　of　energy　use　and　management.　One　of　the　solutions　is　to　refine　the　energy　supply　according　to　needs,　which　calls　for　knowledge　of　the　locations　and　dwell　duration　of　passengers　in　the　airport.　With　this　background,　this　study　established　a　spatiotemporal　passenger　distribution　model　to　describe　the　transient　passenger　distribution　in　14　characteristic　zones　of　an　airport　terminal.　After　validation　against　airport　operation　data　and　results　from　passenger　flow　simulation　software　AnyLogic,　the　passenger　flows　calculated　by　the　spatiotemporal　model　were　inputted　into　the　energy　simulation　software　IES　as　well　as　the　traditional　calculation　method　to　compare　the　energy　consumptions.　Results　showed　that　the　difference　of　the　cooling　and　heating　loads　from　the　two　models　was　7%-148.9%　in　different　zones.　And　the　designed　annual　cooling　and　heating　consumption　of　the　terminal　given　by　the　proposed　passenger　distribution　model　was　11.3%　lower.　The　proposed　model　could　potentially　optimize　the　HVAC　system　of　future　airport　design.