In　this　study,　a　novel　process,　anammox-synchronous　zero-valent　iron　(ZVI)　oxidation　in　which　nitrate　byproducts　are　used　for　in　situ　oxidization　of　ZVI　was　first　developed　to　simultaneously　remove　nitrogen　and　phosphorus　from　wastewater.　The　optimal　ZVI　dosage　of　4　g/L　significantly　improved　the　nitrogen　removal　efficiency　to　86.02　+/-　1.98%,　with　the　highest　phosphorus　removal　efficiency　enhanced　from　39.62%　to　98.97%.　Several　analytical　techniques　revealed　that　iron　phosphate　minerals　formed　by　biologically　induced　mineralization　promoted　the　phosphorus　removal　of　the　system　and　enhanced　the　settleability　of　granules.　Candidatus　Brocadia　was　the　main　anammox　functional　bacteria,　which　could　promote　the　formation　of　iron　phosphorus　minerals.　The　increase　of　key　functional　genes　involved　in　denitrification,　especially　narG,　played　a　pivotal　role　in　reducing　nitrate　to　improve　nitrogen　removal　performance.　In　addition,　abundance　regulation　of　gene　fur　enabled　anammox　bacteria　always　maintain　high　activity　under　different　pH　and　ZVI　dosages.