For　the　Belt　and　Road　Initiative,　＂extensive　consultation,　joint　contribution　and　shared　benefits＂　is　the　basic　principle,　and　the　competitiveness　heterogeneity　is　an　important　condition　for　cooperation.　Based　on　the　complex　network　theory,　this　paper　constructs　a　complex　network　model　of　global　value　chain　(GVC)　division　of　labor　system　by　using　the　Multi-Regional　Input-Output　(MRIO)　table　and　reveals　the　variation　trend　of　competitiveness　of　industrial　sectors　and　economies　on　the　GVC　network　by　the　National　Competitive　Advantage　Index　(NCAI).　The　results　verify　the　effectiveness　of　BRI　and　help　countries　along　the　BRI　route　to　explore　their　comparative　advantages　and　cooperation　prospects　with　other　countries.　The　research　also　provides　a　direction　and　reference　for　China　to　better　implement　the　Initiative.