Based　on　the　finite　element　software　MSC.MARC,　a　refined　finite　element　model　was　developed　for　simulating　the　collapse　process　of　rural　masonry　structures.　Based　on　numerical　simulation,　the　seismic　collapse　analysis　of　typical　self-built　masonry　structures　with　different　seismic　structural　measures　in　rural　area　was　carried　out.　The　effects　of　the　structural　columns,　the　slab　form　and　the　supporting　length　of　the　precast　slab　on　the　structural　seismic　collapse　resistance　were　studied.　The　results　show　that　there　are　two　main　collapse　modes,　including　the　overall　collapse　caused　by　the　failure　of　the　masonry　wall　and　the　local　collapse　caused　by　the　fall　of　precast　slab.　The　structural　column　is　a　key　measure　to　form　an　integral　collapse　mechanism　and　improve　the　collapse　resistance　of　masonry　structures.　Precast　slabs　reduce　the　coordination　of　each　piece　of　the　wall,　thus　lowering　the　structural　integrity　and　collapse　resistance.　When　the　support　length　of　precast　slabs　is　less　than　100　mm,　local　collapse　occurs.　Masonry　structure　without　any　seismic　structural　measures　may　collapse　locally　under　moderate　earthquake,　and　the　collapse　resistance　capacity　is　poor.　©　2022,　Editorial　Department　of　Journal　of　Southeast　University.　All　right　reserved.