Anaerobic　ammonia　oxidation　(Anammox)　is　a　highly　productive　research　area　in　municipal　wastewater　treat-ment.　A　novel　combined　process　driven　by　partial　nitrification/anammox　(PN/A)　and　partial　denitrification/　anammox　(PD/A)　was　established　in　this　paper　using　a　sequencing　batch　reactor　(SBR)　and　two　up-flow　sludge　beds　(USBs).　Municipal　wastewater　after　carbon　removal　pretreatment　in　SBR　entered　PN/A-USB.　PN/A　process　was　initiated　and　enhanced　by　optimizing　the　intermittent　aeration　mode　under　low　dissolved　oxygen　(DO).　After　enhancing　and　stabilizing　the　PD/A　process,　PN/A　effluent　entered　the　PD/A-USB　along　with　raw　municipal　wastewater　at　a　ratio　of　4:1　and　the　combined　system　was　established.　Through　this,　this　study　achieved　a　nitrogen　removal　efficiency　(NRE)　of　84.9　%　from　municipal　wastewater　at　an　ultra-low　total　hy-draulic　residence　time　(HRT)　of　3.9　h.　Candidatus　Brocadia　(1.8　%　in　PN/A,　1.0　%　in　PD/A)　was　the　only　functional　anammox　bacterium　in　the　combined　process.