A　hollow-core　anti-resonant　fiber　(HC-ARF)　has　advantages　such　as　wide　transmission　bandwidth,　low　transmission　loss,　high　damage　threshold,　and　high　mode　purity.　The　HC-ARF　is　widely　applied　in　high-power　pulse　transmission　and　compression,　ultrafast　nonlinear　frequency　conversion,　short-haul　high-speed　and　high-capacity　optical　communications,　bio-chemical　analysis,　and　quantum　storage.　Herein,　the　development　history　of　a　hollow-core　photonic　crystal　fiber　(HC-PCF)　was　briefly　reviewed,　focusing　on　several　new　HC-ARFs　that　have　emerged　in　recent　years.　In　addition,　the　key　technologies　and　the　recent　advances　for　the　applications　gas-filled　HC-ARFs　in　the　field　of　novel　Raman　laser　frequency　conversion　were　discussed.