SmCo7-based　permanent　magnets　with　a　TbCu7-type　structure　have　excellent　high-temperature　performance.　However,　most　of　the　previously　reported　SmCo7　nanocrystalline　magnets　were　isotropic,　which　limited　their　application.　So　the　preparation　of　anisotropic　SmCo7　magnets　with　preferred　texture　is　still　a　challenge.　In　this　work,　we　prepared　anisotropic　SmCo6.8Hf0.2　nanocrystalline　magnets　by　hot　pressing　and　hot　deformation　method.　EBSD　results　indicated　that　the　{0001}　orientation　texture　of　the　hot　deformed　magnet　was　remarkably　preferred,　which　further　improved　the　remanence.　Subsequently,　the　structural　evolution　process　was　systematically　characterized　by　TEM.　It　provides　crucial　insight　for　developing　high-performance　SmCo7-based　magnets.　Impact　Statement:　Up　to　now,　most　of　the　previously　reported　SmCo7　nanocrystalline　magnets　were　isotropic,　which　limited　their　application.　This　work　opens　up　new　opportunities　to　create　high-performance　SmCo7-based　nanostructured　magnets.