In　the　research　of　semiconductor　metal　oxides,　zinc　oxide　(ZnO)　nanomaterials　have　been　committed　to　design　and　exploration　because　of　their　unique　physical　and　chemical　properties.　ZnO　has　many　structural　characteristics　and　has　considerable　practical　applications　in　the　field　of　environmental　technology.　However,　ZnO　nano　materials　used　for　environmental　functions　are　often　presented　in　the　form　of　powders.　After　use,　they　need　to　go　through　recovery　processes　such　as　centrifugation　and　filtration,　which　is　also　easy　to　cause　secondary　pollution.　The　above　problems　can　be　avoided　by　fixing　ZnO　nanostructures　on　substrates　to　form　easily　movable　materials.　Here,　we　present　a　review　of　our　work　and　some　others　on　the　different　synthetic　strategies,　formation　mechanism,　modification,　performance　and　diversifications　of　immobilized　ZnO　based　nanostructures,　and　highlight　their　photocatalytic　related　activities　for　environmental　remediation.　Various　immobilized　ZnO　based　nano　structures　including　nanorod　arrays,　3D　nanostructures,　and　composite　heterostructures　have　been　focused.　We　hope　it　may　serve　as　a　useful　reference　for　researchers　interested　in　immobilized　semiconductor　nanostructures　and　their　photocatalysis　and　other　environmental　applications.