Wastewater　accounts　for　a　large　part　of　the　water　body　on　the　earth.　Solar　water　evaporation　is　an　effective　way　to　produce　fresh　water　from　seawater　or　polluted　water.　However,　the　co-evaporation　or　deposition　of　contaminants　may　reduce　the　efficiency　and　freshwater　quality　during　water　evaporation.　In　this　work,　a　self-cleaning　solar　water　evaporator　is　developed　based　on　the　natural　lignocellulose　fibers　(NCF),　polyaniline　(PANI),　and　TiO2,　which　shows　great　advantages　of　wide-range　light　absorption,　super　hydrophilicity,　and　low　thermal　conductivity.　Nanofibrous　PANI　is　polymerized　on　the　surface　of　NCF　to　form　a　mesoporous　network　by　adding　the　NCF　to　the　polymerization　solution.　P25　TiO2　nanoparticles　as　photocatalysts　are　dispersed　into　the　above　reaction　to　form　the　hybrid　PANI/TiO2/NCF　composite　disc　by　simply　filtration.　Owing　to　the　synergistic　effect　between　the　photothermal　PANI　and　the　photocatalytic　degradation　of　TiO2　nanoparticles　in　the　solar　water　evaporator　device,　the　water　evaporation　rate　can　reach　2.36　kg　m(-2)　h(-1)　(under　1　sun　irradiation),　and　the　contaminant　(100　ppm　tetracycline)　can　be　efficiently　degraded.　Interestingly,　the　solar　water　evaporator　device　still　maintains　a　constant　solar　evaporation　rate　after　working　for　10　h,　and　no　contaminant　is　accumulated.　The　bifunctional　solar　water　evaporation　device,　which　combines　photocatalytic　and　photothermal　effects,　has　great　potential　application　in　organic　contaminant　water　with　a　self-cleaning　effect.