In　this　paper,　seven　ultra-high　performance　concrete　(UHPC)-filled　double　skin　high-strength　steel　tubular　(UHPCFDST)　columns　and　four　UHPC　filled　high-strength　steel　tubular　(UHPCFST)　columns　axial　compression　tests　were　carried　out.　The　effects　of　hollow　ratio,　width-to-thickness　ratio　of　the　outer　steel　tube,　and　cross-section　combination　form　on　the　axial　compression　performance　of　UHPCFDST　were　studied,　and　the　failure　mode,　axial　load-strain　curve,　and　strain　response　were　discussed.　The　results　showed　that　the　high-strength　steel　tube　had　good　compatibility　with　UHPC,　and　all　specimens　finally　had　serious　buckling　deformation.　The　peak　load　of　UHPCFDST　specimens　decreased　with　the　increase　of　the　hollow　ratio,　the　ductility　and　toughness　were　improved.　The　width-to-thickness　ratio　of　the　outer　steel　tube　had　the　most　significant　effect　on　the　axial　compression　performance　of　the　specimens.　With　the　increase　of　the　width-to-thickness　of　the　outer　steel　tube,　the　ductility　of　the　specimens　tended　to　increase,　and　the　toughness　index　first　increased　and　then　decreased.　Finally,　a　unified　calculation　model　for　the　ultimate　compressive　capacity　of　UHPCFDST　and　UHPCFST　specimens　was　proposed,　and　the　predicted　value　was　in　good　agreement　with　the　experimental　value.