In　order　to　study　the　seismic　design　methods　of　large　and　complex　underground　pipe　structures　(LCUP)　in　hard　rock　sites,　firstly,　the　structural　characteristics　of　LCUP　and　the　calculation　principles　of　four　typical　seismic　analysis　methods　were　carefully　sorted　out.　Secondly,　based　on　different　seismic　analysis　methods,　the　deformation　and　internal　force　response　of　three　representative　pipes　were　studied　in　detail,　and　the　calculation　accuracy　and　error　causes　of　each　seismic　analysis　method　were　analyzed.　Finally,　the　advantages,　disadvantages　and　applicability　of　the　seismic　analysis　methods　on　typical　pipes　were　systematically　explained,　and　the　technical　route　for　seismic　design　of　LCUP　was　proposed.　The　results　showed　that　both　the　reaction　displacement　method　and　the　reaction　acceleration　method　can　effectively　analyze　the　seismic　performance　of　standard　section　structures.　The　three-dimensional　time-history　analysis　method　was　comprehensive　and　highly　accurate　for　seismic　analysis　of　complex　spatial　cross-node　structures.　The　rigid　connections　of　different　pipes　leaded　to　serious　discontinuities　in　stiffness　at　the　intersection,　and　the　deformation　and　bending　moment　distributions　were　highly　concentrated　at　the　height　away　from　the　intersection.　The　influence　range　of　the　intersection　was　about　three　times　the　width　of　the　intersection,　and　LCUP　was　classified　according　to　this　influence　range.　For　standard　section　structures,　seismic　analysis　should　be　carried　out　using　the　reaction　acceleration　method　or　reaction　displacement　method,　while　for　spatial　cross-node　structures,　three-dimensional　time-history　analysis　should　be　used　for　seismic　analysis.　This　scientific　seismic　design　method　achieved　multiple　optimal　balances　of　seismic　safety,　analysis　accuracy,　efficiency　and　economy　in　the　seismic　analysis　of　large　and　complex　underground　structures.　A　theoretical　basis　and　useful　reference　for　the　scientific　design,　accurate　prediction　and　seismic　safety　evaluation　of　seismic　response　of　LCUP　were　provided　in　this　paper.　©　2023　Elsevier　Ltd