With　the　economic　and　social　development　of　China,　the　scale　of　the　power　grid　continues　to　expand.　Rapid　location　and　diagnosis　of　power　failures　have　become　significant　for　China　to　maintain　its　stable　development　of　power　system.　In　recent　years,　the　Internet　of　Things　(IoT)　based　on　5G　technology　has　been　applied　to　power　grid　more　widely.　Meanwhile,　given　the　fact　that　the　blockchain　is　traceable　and　tamper-resistant,　the　combination　of　the　blockchain　and　IoT　is　considered　to　locate　power　failures　quickly　and　assist　professional　maintenance　personnel　to　deduce　the　cause　of　failures,　minimizing　economic　loss.　With　the　foundation　of　IoT　sensor　node　data,　this　paper　designs　a　decentralized　electronic　certificate　scheme　based　on　blockchain　and　Interplanetary　File　System　(IPFS)　to　collect　data　of　each　node　of　the　power　system　and　store　it　in　the　blockchain.　The　model　of　data　sharding,　storage　and　certificate　optimizes　the　utilization　of　storage　space　of　the　blockchain,　reducing　the　time　required　for　system　access　to　nodes.　Traceability　of　data　stored　on　blockchain　data　is　employed　to　quickly　and　accurately　trace　faults　of　the　power　system,　providing　strong　technical　support　for　the　safe　and　stable　operation　of　China＇s　power　system.