To　promote　the　acceptance　of　prefabricated　technology　in　underground　engineering,　the　numerical　seismic　fragility　analysis　of　a　prefabricated　underground　structures　was　scrutinized.　A　method　to　quantify　the　limit　values　of　the　seismic　performance　index　of　rectangular　prefabricated　subway　station　structure　was　proposed.　In　addition,　seismic　fragility　curves　of　the　two-story　three-span　prefabricated　subway　station　structure　were　constructed　based　on　peak　ground　velocity　(PGV)　and　peak　ground　acceleration　(PGA),　which　can　be　used　as　an　effective　tool　to　quickly　evaluate　the　seismic　performance　of　this　type　of　prefabricated　underground　structure,　and　compared　with　the　cast-in-place　subway　station　structure.　The　results　demonstrate　that　the　ground　motion　and　site　class　have　an　intertwined　influence　on　the　dynamic　response　of　the　underground　structures.　That　is,　as　the　site　equivalent　shear　wave　velocity　decreases,　the　ground　motion　characteristics　have　a　greater　influence　on　the　underground　structure　dynamic　response　and　its　susceptibility　to　damage.　For　shallow　buried　multi-layer　underground　prefabricated　structures,　the　PGV　is　the　best　seismic　intensity　measure　(IM)　for　all　site　classes.　The　prefabricated　subway　station　structure　is　found　to　be　less　vulnerable　to　damage　than　the　cast-in-place　subway　station　structure.　©　2023　Elsevier　Ltd