An　advanced　metro　operation　system　is　becoming　imperative　for　promoting　energy　sustainability　and　commuting　efficiency　with　the　rapid　developments　of　metro　construction　in　cities.　To　improve　energy　sustainability,　two　different　kinds　of　energy-saving　devices　have　been　introduced　extensively　in　metro　operations.　One　is　operated　with　passive　control　modes,　such　as　Regenerative　Energy　Devices　(RED)　and　the　other　is　operated　with　active　control　modes,　such　as　Energy　Storage　Devices　(ESD).　Introducing　them　into　one　integrated　power　supply　network　in　the　metro　system,　a　smart　control　module　of　the　supply　system　should　be　well　designed　to　avoid　the　using　conflicts　based　on　a　time　separation　approach.　Thus,　we　first　formulate　a　collaborative　mode　between　the　device　control　and　the　train　operation　by　using　a　discrete-time　measurement　method.　This　effect　is　also　particularly　noticeable　in　train　timetable　optimization.　Then,　a　timetable　optimization　model　incorporating　train　runs,　device　control,　and　passenger　demand　is　introduced　for　trading　off　energy　consumption,　infrastructure　investment,　and　travel　time.　The　non-dominant　sorting　genetic　algorithm　(NSGA-II)　is　developed　and　the　genetic　operators　are　redesigned　based　on　graph　presentations.　Finally,　a　numerical　example　shows　that　the　energy　efficiencies　could　be　improved　by　6.36%　and　36.72%　from　RED　and　ESD　systems　respectively.　©　2023　Elsevier　Ltd