Achieving　high-performance　recycling　of　aged　SBS　modified　asphalt　will　help　promote　the　sustainable　development　of　transportation　infrastructure.　The　destruction　of　the　SBS　cross-linking　network　is　an　important　reason　for　the　deterioration　of　the　performance　of　aged　SBS　modified　asphalt.　Scientific　reconstruction　of　aged　SBS　cross-linked　network　is　the　key　to　achieving　the　performance　recovery　of　aged　modified　asphalt.　In　this　research,　the　evolution　of　chemical　structure,　molecular　weight,　thermodynamic　properties,　multiple　stress　creep　recovery　capability　and　rheological　property　of　SBS　during　the　process　of　aging　degradation　and　reactive　reconstruction　were　systematically　investigated.　The　results　showed　that　the　molecular　weight　and　creep　recovery　capability　of　SBS　decreased　sharply,　and　its　complex　modulus　and　phase　angle　exhibited　a　strong　temperature　and　frequency　dependence　after　aging.　While　the　number　average　molecular　weight　of　aged　SBS　increased　by　over　70%　after　reactive　reconstruction,　and　its　thermal-oxygen　stability　shown　better　performance　as　compared　with　that　of　fresh　SBS.　Meanwhile,　the　glass　transition　temperature　of　aged　SBS　was　restored　to　−43.8℃　and　−54.9℃　after　reactive　reconstructed　by　toluene　diisocyanate　(TDI)　and　isocyanate　pre-polymer.　Therefore,　isocyanate　pre-polymer　with　flexible　long　chain　structure　was　more　benefit　for　improving　the　low-temperature　performance　of　reactive　reconstructed　aged　SBS.　Furthermore,　the　creep　recovery　ability　and　complex　modulus　of　aged　SBS　were　all　significantly　improved,　and　exhibited　dramatically　high-elastic　properties　after　reactive　reconstruction.　And　as　compared　with　isocyanate　pre-polymer,　TDI　with　benzene　ring　rigid　structure　was　more　conducive　to　restoring　the　medium–high　temperature　rheological　properties　of　aged　SBS.　Therefore,　effective　restoration　of　molecular　weight　and　performance　of　aged　SBS　can　be　achieved　by　using　reaction　reconstruction　method.　This　study　would　provide　inspiration　and　ideas　for　the　high-value　recycling　of　waste　polymer　modified　asphalt.　©　2023　Elsevier　Ltd