The　resilience　evaluation　of　infrastructures　provides　an　essential　basis　for　resilience　enhancement　and　disaster　mitigation　in　urban　communities.　This　study　presents　a　seismic　resilience　evaluation　framework　of　water　distribution　systems　(WDSs)　that　integrates　hydraulic　with　water　quality　simulation.　The　seismic　damage　scenarios　of　WDSs　are　generated　according　to　the　seismic　fragility　model　of　pipelines　and　Monte　Carlo　simulation,　and　the　post-earthquake　recovery　of　pipeline　damages　is　simulated　by　a　dynamic　importance-based　recovery　sequence.　The　negative　influence　of　earthquake　hazards　on　water　quality　is　investigated　by　the　reduction　of　chlorine　concentration　in　water,　which　depends　on　the　changes　in　water　age　and　supply　path　caused　by　pipeline　damages.　The　water　quality　performance　of　WDSs　is　measured　by　the　residual　chlorine　concentration　at　user　nodes,　and　two　water　quality　performance　indexes,　namely,　the　water　supply　that　meets　the　quality　threshold　requirements　and　the　water　supply　without　quality　deterioration　after　the　earthquake.　The　proposed　framework　is　implemented　in　three　benchmark　WDSs　with　different　layouts　and　operational　features.　Application　results　show　that　the　water　quality　resilience　of　WDSs　tends　to　be　lower　than　that　of　hydraulic　services,　and　the　relative　difference　in　system　resilience　loss　between　the　water　quality　and　hydraulic　service　performance　ranges　from　17%　to　286%,　which　varied　according　to　the　layout　of　WDSs.　The　water　source　redundancy,　and　not　the　loop　pattern　of　the　pipeline　network,　has　crucial　impacts　on　the　water　quality　resilience　of　WDSs　after　an　earthquake　event.　©　Elsevier　Ltd