The　model　test　method　is　crucial　for　studying　the　seismic　performance　of　underground　structures.　Presently,　model　tests　for　the　seismic　response　of　underground　structures　are　primarily　performed　with　1-g　and　N-g　centrifuge　shaking　table.　The　1-g　shaking　table　model　test　is　limited　by　the　stress　similarity　in　the　soil-structure　interaction　system　and　cannot　reproduce　the　seismic　damage　process　and　extent　of　the　underground　structure.　The　small　table　size　of　the　N-g　centrifuge　model　test　makes　it　difficult　to　reflect　the　spatial　effects　of　the　seismic　response　of　large　underground　structures.　Seeking　a　large-scale　model　test　method　that　can　directly　simulate　the　seismic　damage　process　is　essential　for　investigating　the　seismic　performance　of　underground　structures.　Herein,　based　on　the　seismic　response　characteristics　of　underground　structures,　a　quasi-static　pushover　test　device　applicable　to　underground　structures　was　designed,　and　the　corresponding　tests　and　numerical　model　calculations　were　executed　using　the　Daikai　subway　station　as　a　prototype.　Based　on　the　macroscopic　phenomena　of　structural　damage　development　of　the　subway　station　in　the　test,　the　damage　mechanism　of　the　station　structure　was　analyzed　and　compared　with　the　numerical　model.　The　strain　amplitudes,　displacements,　and　digital　scatter　strain　color　maps　were　analyzed　to　verify　the　reliability　of　the　cyclic　pushover　loading　test　simulating　the　seismic　performance　level　and　damage　process　of　the　underground　structure.　Simultaneously,　the　rationality　of　the　proposed　quantification　system　for　classifying　the　seismic　performance　level　of　single-story　underground　structures　was　verified.