In　the　exploration　of　coal　seams,　oil,　and　gas　resources,　fractures　are　a　common　structure　within　underground　rock　formations.　Accurate　identification,　localization,　and　3D　reconstruction　of　fractures　play　crucial　roles　in　analyzing　fracture　development,　rock　structure,　geostress,　and　resource　reservoir　assessment.　Therefore,　this　study　proposes　a　methodology　for　the　localization　and　3D　reconstruction　of　wellbore　fractures　based　on　ultrasonic　imaging　data.　Firstly,　pre-processing　of　the　wellbore　ultrasonic　images　is　performed,　including　image　denoising,　enhancement,　and　segmentation,　thereby　extracting　the　fracture　regions.　Subsequently,　curve　fitting　for　the　fracture　regions　is　conducted　using　genetic　algorithms　and　mask　operations,　achieving　the　localization　of　wellbore　fractures.　Finally,　3D　reconstruction　of　the　wellbore　segment　is　accomplished　using　the　Unity　engine.　The　research　results　demonstrate　that　the　proposed　method　exhibits　high　accuracy　and　reliability　in　wellbore　fracture　processing.　This　study　provides　an　efficient　image　processing　and　3D　reconstruction　technique　for　the　fields　of　geological　exploration　and　resource　development,　facilitating　more　intuitive　observation　and　analysis　of　wellbore　fracture　distribution,　development,　and　the　geological　structure　of　the　rock　formation　in　question.　This　renders　the　research　significant　in　terms　of　practical　engineering　implications.　©　2023　IEEE.