Based　on　the　water　pollution　emission　volume　of　30　provinces　in　China　from　2004　to　2018　and　the　temporal　and　spatial　correlation　of　water　pollution,　this　paper　uses　the　spatial　panel　model　and　threshold　regression　method　to　incorporate　environmental　regulations,　green　total　factor　productivity　and　water　pollution　intensity　into　the　one　research　framework,　to　have　an　experience　identification　of　the　key　factors　affecting　water　pollution.　The　results　show　that:　there　are　apparent　spatial　spillover　and　high　emission　regional　clusters　in　Chinese　provinces.　Government　supervision　and　market　regulation　can　substantially　reduce　pollution　emissions,　while　how　to　mitigate　environmental　problems　through　green　total　factor　productivity　require　government　and　market　regulation　guidance.　Through　the　threshold　regression,　it　is　proved　that　the　government　control-and-command　mode　performs　the　optimal　action　range,　for　the　emission　reduction　effect　gradually　converges　as　the　enhancement　of　regulatory　intensifies,　yet　the　promotion　effect　of　the　two　kinds　of　regulatory　measures　will　be　strengthened　with　the　improvement　of　green　total　factor　productivity.　Therefore,　solving　water　pollution　depends　on　unremitting　efforts　and　joint　control　to　prevent　the　snowball　effect　and　leakage.　The　key　to　pollution　reduction　lies　in　the　joint-effort　of　green　technology　progress　and　high　energy　efficiency　to　achieve　green　development　goals.　©　2021　ACM.