Positively　charged　polydienyl　dimethyl　ammonium　c　and　the　negatively　charged　CdS　quantum　dots　(CdS　QDs)　were　adsorbed　on　the　surface　of　graphene　oxide　(GO)　in　order　to　prepare　the　graphene-PDDA-quantum　dots　complex.　And　modify　this　complex　onto　the　surface　of　the　electrode.　Then　capture　DNA　(cDNA)　was　assembled　on　the　surface　of　quantum　dots　by　amide　bond,　and　chloramphenicol　aptame　((Apt)　was　hybridized　with　cDNA　to　construct　the　sensing　interface.　Finally,　hemin　embedded　in　the　DNA　chain　is　used　to　catalyze　the　oxidation　of　hydrogen　peroxide,　resulting　in　the　consumption　of　co-reactant　H2O2　and　the　decrease　of　luminous　intensity　of　quantum　dots.　In　the　presence　of　chloramphenicol　(CAP),　Apt　DNA　will　bind　to　CAP　and　detach　from　the　electrode　surface,　resulting　in　an　increase　in　the　luminous　intensity　of　quantum　dots,　thus　achieving　sensitive　and　specific　detection.　In　the　CAP　concentration　range　of　1.　0×10−　10　−　1.　0　×　10　−　6　mol/L,　the　sensor　has　a　good　detection　signal,　the　ECL　intensity　is　linearly　correlated　with　the　logarithm　of　CAP　concentration,　and　the　detection　limit　is　3×1011　mol/L.　The　sensor　has　excellent　repeatability,　stability　and　specificity.　Finally,　the　sensor　has　been　applied　to　the　determination　of　CAP　residues　in　real　milk　samples　with　satisfactory　results.　The　rapid　and　simple　sensor　detection　technology　of　CAP　will　have　a　good　application　prospect　in　the　fields　of　food　safety　and　environmental　monitoring.　©　2023,　China　Association　for　Instrumental　Analysis.　All　rights　reserved.