A　novel　concrete　encased　extended　T-shaped　steel　composite　stub　(ET-CES)　column　with　less　reinforcement　for　the　prefabricated　structure　is　proposed.　Eight　ET-CES　columns,　including　one　covered　by　concrete　fireproof　boards　and　two　bare　extended　T-shaped　steel　stub　columns,　were　tested　under　axial　compression.　Finite　element　analysis　was　also　conducted.　The　effects　of　stirrup　spacing,　stirrup　form,　steel　ratio,　and　concrete　compressive　strength　on　the　axial　compressive　behaviour　were　studied.　Furthermore,　the　failure　modes,　axial　load-displacement　curves,　axial　load-strain　curves,　and　post-peak　deformability　of　ET-CES　columns　were　also　investigated.　The　results　demonstrated　that　the　concrete　cover　with　less　reinforcement　and　a　thin　concrete　encasement　for　the　ET-CES　column　could　still　prevent　steel　skeleton　instability　under　axial　compression.　Premature　spalling　of　concrete　cover　might　be　prevented　by　installing　fireproof　boards,　reducing　stirrup　spacing,　and　using　closed　stirrups.　The　steel　ratio　in　ET-CES　columns　increasing　from　8.1%　to　10.4%　had　no　effect　on　the　maximum　normalized　resistance　but　could　enhance　the　post-peak　ductility　and　residual　strength.　The　reduction　of　the　concrete　compressive　strength　of　ET-CES　columns　from　C50　to　C30　could　improve　the　maximum　normalized　resistance　and　residual　strength.　ET-CES　columns　had　excellent　post-peak　deformability.　Finally,　an　axial　strength　formula　for　ET-CES　columns　was　proposed　and　validated.　©　2023　Elsevier　Ltd