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Author:

Pan, S. (Pan, S..) | Luo, L. (Luo, L..) | Wang, Y. (Wang, Y..) | Chen, C. (Chen, C..) | Wang, J. (Wang, J..) | Wu, X. (Wu, X..)

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EI Scopus SCIE

Abstract:

Large language models (LLMs), such as ChatGPT and GPT4, are making new waves in the field of natural language processing and artificial intelligence, due to their emergent ability and generalizability. However, LLMs are black-box models, which often fall short of capturing and accessing factual knowledge. In contrast, Knowledge Graphs (KGs), Wikipedia and Huapu for example, are structured knowledge models that explicitly store rich factual knowledge. KGs can enhance LLMs by providing external knowledge for inference and interpretability. Meanwhile, KGs are difficult to construct and evolve by nature, which challenges the existing methods in KGs to generate new facts and represent unseen knowledge. Therefore, it is complementary to unify LLMs and KGs together and simultaneously leverage their advantages. In this article, we present a forward-looking roadmap for the unification of LLMs and KGs. Our roadmap consists of three general frameworks, namely, 1) KG-enhanced LLMs, which incorporate KGs during the pre-training and inference phases of LLMs, or for the purpose of enhancing understanding of the knowledge learned by LLMs; 2) LLM-augmented KGs, that leverage LLMs for different KG tasks such as embedding, completion, construction, graph-to-text generation, and question answering; and 3) Synergized LLMs + KGs, in which LLMs and KGs play equal roles and work in a mutually beneficial way to enhance both LLMs and KGs for bidirectional reasoning driven by both data and knowledge. We review and summarize existing efforts within these three frameworks in our roadmap and pinpoint their future research directions. IEEE

Keyword:

Predictive models Knowledge graphs Training natural language processing Chatbots Task analysis Bidirectional reasoning generative pre-training roadmap knowledge graphs large language models Decoding Cognition

Author Community:

  • [ 1 ] [Pan S.]School of Information and Communication Technology and Institute for Integrated and Intelligent Systems (IIIS), Griffith University, Queensland, Australia
  • [ 2 ] [Luo L.]Department of Data Science and AI, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
  • [ 3 ] [Wang Y.]Department of Data Science and AI, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
  • [ 4 ] [Chen C.]Nanyang Technological University, Singapore
  • [ 5 ] [Wang J.]Faculty of Information Technology, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing, China
  • [ 6 ] [Wu X.]Key Laboratory of Knowledge Engineering with Big Data (the Ministry of Education of China), Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, China

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Source :

IEEE Transactions on Knowledge and Data Engineering

ISSN: 1041-4347

Year: 2024

Issue: 7

Volume: 36

Page: 1-20

8 . 9 0 0

JCR@2022

Cited Count:

WoS CC Cited Count: 0

SCOPUS Cited Count: 379

ESI Highly Cited Papers on the List: 0 Unfold All

WanFang Cited Count:

Chinese Cited Count:

30 Days PV: 9

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