Pervaporation-based　membrane　technology　have　gained　increasing　interest　due　to　their　energy　efficiency　and　environmental　sustainability.　Polydimethylsiloxane　(PDMS)　thin-film　composite　membranes　(TFCMs)　have　emerged　as　promising　candidates　for　alcohol　permselective　applications.　Compared　to　the　development　of　pervaporation　membrane　for　water　purification,　the　optimization　progress　with　the　ethanol　recovery　membrane　has　been　fairly　slow　and　fails　to　meet　requirements　of　bio-alcohol　production.　Despite　the　continuous　efforts　on　membrane　materials,　the　role　of　structural,　physicochemical　properties　for　the　forming　progress　of　selective　layer　on　substrate　is　not　a　well-attended　topic.　This　paper　summarized　the　design　and　construction　considerations　of　PDMS　composite　membranes　for　pervaporation　from　the　viewpoint　of　the　transport　resistance　model,　including　the　effect　of　selective　layer,　support　layer,　and　intermediate　layer,　to　deeply　understand　and　precisely　regulate　the　preparation　process.　We　high　light　the　key　role　of　crosslinking　and　spreading　of　PDMS　on　porous　support　layer　in　membrane　fabrication.　The　structure-activity　relationship　between　the　separation　performance　of　transport　structure　with　the　membrane　solution　properties,　substrate　pore　structure,　and　the　fabrication　methods　was　discussed　in　detail.　It　was　indicated　that　the　challenges　for　the　TFCMs　applied　on　a　pilot　or　industrial　scale　include　the　thickness　control,　coating　and　curing　time　optimization,　and　solvent　issue.　Finally,　it　was　expected　for　further　research　to　optimize　the　membrane　fabrication　process,　develop　novel　advanced　membrane　materials　and　to　explore　complex　and　potential　applications　the　new　requirements　in　industry.　©　2024