In　this　work,　the　microstructural　characteristics　and　tribological　properties　of　HVOF-sprayed　WC-TiC-Co　coatings　with　varying　amounts　of　TiC　addition　were　studied,　along　with　a　comparison　with　those　of　the　traditional　WC-Co　coating.　The　incorporated　TiC　exhibited　a　diverse　presence　in　the　coatings,　including　(Ti,W)C　solid　solution　particles　and　interfacial　layers,　residual　TiC　particles,　as　well　as　Ti-monolayer　that　induced　planar　defects　within　WC　grains.　The　high　stability　of　(Ti,W)C　layers　at　the　WC/Co　interfaces　effectively　suppressed　the　formation　of　W2C　in　the　WC-TiC-Co　coatings.　Notably,　the　coating　with　10　wt%　TiC　demonstrated　superior　wear　resistance　owing　to　the　hardening　effects　of　(Ti,W)C　particles　and　interfacial　layers.　This　effectively　mitigated　the　wear　mechanisms　such　as　plastic　deformation,　extrusion,　and　micro-cutting　of　the　Co　binder,　which　would　otherwise　lead　to　the　pull-out　of　WC　particles　and　accelerate　the　wear　process.　These　findings　provide　valuable　insights　into　the　microstructure　design　and　performance　optimization　of　WC-based　coatings.　©　2024　Elsevier　Ltd