To　achieve　environmental　sustainability　and　improve　material　characteristics,　this　study　examines　the　performance　of　self-compacting　concrete　(SCC)　that　incorporates　different　industrial　by-products,　including　fly　ash　(FA),　coal　gangue　powder　(CGP),　cement　kiln　dust　(CKD),　and　recycled　concrete　powder　(RCP).　Through　an　experimental　program,　the　research　evaluates　the　fresh　and　hardened　properties　of　SCC　as　well　as　its　microstructural　features.　Slump　flow,　T50,　and　V-funnel　tests　were　utilized　to　evaluate　the　fresh　characteristics,　while　the　compressive　strength　was　the　main　emphasis　of　the　hardened　property　at　7,　14,　and　28　days　of　curing　periods.　To　clarify　the　internal　structure　of　the　material　and　the　pozzolanic　processes　taking　place　therein,　further　microstructural　investigations　were　carried　out　using　scanning　electron　microscopy　(SEM),　X-ray　diffraction　(XRD),　and　Fourier　transform　infrared　(FTIR)　spectroscopy.　Due　to　pozzolanic　reactions　and　the　densification　of　the　microstructure,　the　results　show　that　adding　these　industrial　by-products　not　only　makes　SCC　more　workable　but　also　gradually　increases　its　compressive　strength.　In　particular,　the　study　shows　that　combinations　with　FA,　CKD,　and　RCP　perform　better　than　CGP　in　terms　of　flowability　and　strength　development.　The　results　highlight　the　technical　advantages　of　improving　concrete　qualities　through　material　innovation,　in　addition　to　the　possible　environmental　benefits　of　recycling　waste　materials　in　construction.　©　2024　Elsevier　Ltd