Microbial　fuel　cells　(MFCs),　known　for　their　low　energy　consumption,　high　efficiency,　and　environmental　friendliness,　have　been　widely　utilized　for　removing　antibiotics　from　wastewater.　Compared　to　conventional　wastewater　treatment　methods,　MFCs　produce　less　sludge　while　exhibiting　superior　antibiotic　removal　capacity,　effectively　reducing　the　spread　of　antibiotic　resistance　genes　(ARGs).　This　study　investigates　1)　the　mechanisms　of　ARGs　generation　and　proliferation　in　MFCs;　2)　the　influencing　factors　on　the　fate　and　removal　of　antibiotics　and　ARGs;　and　3)　the　fate　and　mitigation　of　ARGs　in　MFC　and　MFC-coupled　systems.　It　is　indicated　that　high　removal　efficiency　of　antibiotics　and　minimal　amount　of　sludge　production　contribute　the　mitigation　of　ARGs　in　MFCs.　Influencing　factors,　such　as　cathode　potential,　electrode　materials,　salinity,　initial　antibiotic　concentration,　and　additional　additives,　can　lead　to　the　selection　of　tolerant　microbial　communities,　thereby　affecting　the　abundance　of　ARGs　carried　by　various　microbial　hosts.　Integrating　MFCs　with　other　wastewater　treatment