Antibiotic　resistance　genes　(ARGs)　as　emerging　contaminants,　often　co-occur　with　mobile　genetic　elements　(MGEs)　and　are　prevalent　in　drinking　water　treatment　plants　(DWTPs).　In　this　study,　the　characteristics　of　freeliving　(FL)　and　particle-associated　(PA)　ARGs　associated　with　bacterial　communities　were　investigated　along　two　processes　within　a　full-scale　DWTP.　A　total　of　13　ARGs　and　two　MGEs　were　detected.　FL-ARGs　with　diverse　subtypes　and　PA-ARGs　with　high　abundances　displayed　significantly　different　structures.　PA-MGEs　showed　a　strong　positive　correlation　with　PA-ARGs.　Chlorine　dioxide　disinfection　achieved　1.47-log　reduction　of　FL-MGEs　in　process　A　and　0.24-log　reduction　of　PA-MGEs　in　process　B.　Notably,　PA-fraction　virtually　disappeared　after　treatment,　while　blaTEM,　sul2,　mexE,　mexF　and　IntI1　of　FL-fraction　remained　in　the　finished　water.　Moreover,　Acinetobacter　lwoffii　(0.04　%　-　45.58　%)　and　Acinetobacter　schindleri　(0.00　%　-　18.54　%)　dominated　the　16　pathogens,　which　were　more　abundant　in　FL　than　PA　bacterial　communities.　PA　bacteria　exhibited　a　more　complex　structure　with　more　keystone　species　than　FL　bacteria.　MGEs　contributed　20.23　%　and　19.31　%　to　the　changes　of　FL-ARGs　and　PA-ARGs　respectively,　and　water　quality　was　a　key　driver　(21.73　%)　for　PA-ARGs　variation.　This　study　provides　novel　insights　into　microbial　risk　control　associated　with　size-fractionated　ARGs　in　drinking　water.