Atmospheric　precipitation　samples　were　collected　in　2018，2019，and　2021　in　Beijing　to　study　the　concentrations　and　changes　of　the　main　metal　elements　and　water-soluble　ions；the　wet　deposition　fluxes　of　heavy　metals，water-soluble　ions，dissolved　inorganic　nitrogen，and　sulfur　in　the　atmospheric　precipitation　and　their　impacts　on　the　ecological　environment；and　the　scavenging　mechanisms　of　the　typical　precipitation　to　atmospheric　pollutants　during　the　study　period.　The　results　showed　that　the　precipitation　in　Beijing　during　the　study　period　was　mostly　neutral　or　alkaline，and　the　frequency　of　acid　rain　occurrence　was　very　low，only　accounting　for　3.06%.　The　total　concentrations　of　major　metal　elements　in　2018，2019，and　2021　were（4　787.46　±　4　704.31），（7　663.07　±　8　395.05），and（2　629.13　±　2　369.51）μg·L−1，respectively.　The　total　equivalent　concentrations　of　ions　in　2018，2019，and　2021　were（851.68　±　649.16），（973.98　±　850.94），and（644.31　±　531.16）μeq·L−1，respectively.　The　interannual　changes　in　major　metal　elements　and　ions　followed　the　order　of　2019　＞　2018　＞　2021.　The　seasonal　average　total　concentrations　of　major　metal　elements　in　spring，summer，autumn，and　winter　were（9　624.25　±　7　327.92），（4　088.67　±　5　710.14），（3　357.68　±　3　995.64），and（6　203.19　±　3　857.43）μg·L−1，respectively，and　the　seasonal　average　total　equivalent　concentrations　of　ions　in　spring，summer，autumn，and　winter　were（1　014.71　±　512.21），（729.83　±　589.90），（724.35　±　681.40），and（1　014.03　±　359.67）μeq·L−1，respectively，all　presenting　the　order　of　spring　＞　winter　＞　summer　＞　autumn.　NO3−　and　SO42−　were　the　main　acid-causing　ions　in　precipitation，whereas　NH4+　and　Ca2+　were　the　main　acid-neutralizing　ions.　The　wet　deposition　fluxes　of　the　heavy　metal　Cd　were　very　low［（0.05　±　0.01）mg·（m2·a）−1］，only　accounting　for（0.13　±　0.04）%　of　the　total　wet　deposition　fluxes　of　main　metal　elements；however，its　soil　safety　years　were　291　years，significantly　lower　than　those　of　other　heavy　metals，displaying　that　its　ecological　risk　was　relatively　the　highest.　The　total　wet　precipitation　flux　of　water-soluble　ions　NH4+，Ca2+，NO3−，and　SO42−　accounted　for（85.72　±　2.18）%　of　the　wet　precipitation　flux　of　total　ions，suggesting　that　their　comprehensive　impact　on　the　ecological　environment　might　have　been　higher.　DIN　wet　deposition　flux　was　mainly　characterized　by　NH4+-N，which　had　a　positive　impact　on　the　ecological　environment　in　summer.　SO42−-S　wet　deposition　flux　was　higher　in　summer，so　its　positive　impact　on　the　ecological　environment　was　also　greater.　The　scavenging　effects　of　atmospheric　precipitations　to　pollutants　from　the　air　were　impacted　by　various　factors，and　the　synergism　effects　of　these　factors　could　directly　influence　the　scavenging　mechanisms　of　precipitation　to　pollutants.　©　2024　Science　Press.　All　rights　reserved.