Wastewater　treatment　processes　(WWTPs)　possess　the　characteristics　of　multiple　disturbances,　which　make　it　difficult　to　achieve　the　accurate　control　of　desired　dissolved　oxygen　(DO)　concentration.　To　address　this　issue,　this　paper　proposes　a　robust　inverse　control　strategy　based　on　disturbance　boundary　estimation　(DBE-RIC).　First,　a　nonlinear　disturbance　observer　based　on　disturbance　boundary　estimation　is　introduced　to　reconstruct　the　disturbances,　which　enables　DBE-RIC　to　deal　with　internal　and　external　disturbances　simultaneously.　Second,　an　inverse　controller　based　on　inverse　transformation　and　the　reconstructed　disturbance　signals　is　designed　to　obtain　the　control　law　under　unknown　dynamics　of　WWTPs.　Third,　a　projection　operator　is　presented　to　adjust　the　controller　parameters　online.　Then,　the　RIC　controller　can　accomplish　the　accurate　tracking　control　of　DO　concentration.　Furthermore,　the　stability　of　the　proposed　strategy　in　the　sense　of　Lyapunov　and　the　guidelines　associated　with　the　control　parameters　are　given.　Lastly,　the　experimental　results　on　the　benchmark　simulation　platform　BSM1　demonstrate　the　feasibility　and　superiority　of　DBE-RIC　compared　to　other　methods.　©　2024　John　Wiley　&　Sons　Ltd.