Effective　environmental　systems　have　been　recognized　as　essential　to　achieving　sustainable　development.　Existing　research　on　enhancing　the　effectiveness　of　environmental　systems　has　predominantly　focused　on　the　improvement　of　various　environmental　governance　measures,　neglecting　the　differences　in　governance　effects　among　different　agents　in　environmental　governance.　Taking　China　as　an　example,　we　study　the　environmental　governance　efficiency　(EGE)　of　four　agents　including　central　government,　local　government,　enterprises,　and　the　public.　To　reflect　the　characteristics　of　China＇s　environmental　governance　system,　namely,　the　government　takes　the　lead　and　enterprises　and　the　public　participate　together,　a　nested　leader-follower　game　network　data　envelopment　analysis　is　proposed.　The　results　of　30　provinces　from　2009　to　2018　show　that　although　China＇s　average　EGE　has　improved,　it　is　only　0.528　in　2018,　with　a　large　room　for　improvement.　Moreover,　the　gap　of　EGEs　among　areas　is　gradually　increasing,　especially　between　the　eastern　area　and　the　middle　and　western　areas.　Furthermore,　the　gap　among　provinces　in　the　eastern　area　has　narrowed,　while　the　opposite　is　true　in　the　western　area.　Finally,　the　EGE　of　the　central　government　in　most　provinces　is　consistent　with　that　of　the　local　government.　However,　there　are　only　7　provinces　whose　EGEs　of　four　agents　are　above　the　average.　The　policy　recommendations　are　proposed　accordingly.