Microvasculature-on-a-chip,　utilizing　microfluidic　technology,　has　emerged　as　a　significant　in　vitro　tool　for　simulating　both　the　normal　and　disease　states　of　blood　vessel　networks.　In　our　review,　we　highlight　the　efficacy　of　microfluidic　platforms　in　accurately　reproducing　the　microenvironment　of　human　blood　vessels.　We　outline　a　range　of　methodologies　employed　to　fabricate　vascular　networks　in　vitro,　focusing　on　the　use　of　endothelial　cells　within　microfluidic　structures.　For　each　method,　we　provide　an　assessment　of　recent　examples,　critically　evaluating　their　strengths　and　drawbacks.　Furthermore,　we　delve　into　the　outlook　and　the　innovative　advancements　anticipated　for　next-generation　vascular-on-a-chip　models　and　the　broader　field　of　chip-based　tissue　engineering.　©　2024　Chinese　Academy　of　Sciences.　All　rights　reserved.