Due　to　the　localized　high　stress　transmission　and　plastic　deformation　uncertainties,　certain　threads　at　the　root　of　fasteners　may　experience　extremely　high　stress　in　threaded　connections,　potentially　leading　to　structural　strength　failure　and　premature　fatigue.　This　study　proposes　an　analysis　method　for　stress　distribution　considering　plastic　deformation　based　on　an　analytical　model　of　thread　axial　force　distribution　within　the　elastic　range.　A　refined　finite　element　model　considering　the　helix　angle　of　threads　was　established,　and　a　stress　distribution　analysis　of　thread　teeth　was　completed.　The　accuracy　of　the　finite　element　model　was　verified　through　comparison　with　theoretical　calculations.　Additionally,　to　study　the　influence　of　different　factors　on　the　axial　stress　distribution　of　threads,　a　finite　element　model　of　standard　threaded　connections　was　established,　in　which　parameters　such　as　preload　level,　number　of　engaged　threads,　and　root　radius　were　taken　into　account.　©　Published　under　licence　by　IOP　Publishing　Ltd.