During　the　construction　and　maintenance　of　asphalt　pavement,　a　lot　of　non-renewable　resources　are　consumed,　which　discharge　a　variety　of　waste　gasses　and　smoke,　causing　a　serious　impact　on　the　environment.　Reducing　society＇s　reliance　on　non-renewable　resources　is　therefore　key　to　improving　sustainability.　It　is　found　that　phase　change　materials　(PCMs),　as　environmentally　friendly　materials,　can　spontaneously　store　and　release　heat　energy　by　changing　the　phase　state,　thus　reducing　the　adverse　effect　of　temperature　on　asphalt　pavement,　reducing　the　occurrence　of　high-temperature　stress,　minimizing　the　cost　of　road　construction　and　maintenance,　and　saving　resources.　In　order　to　promote　the　application　of　PCMs　in　asphalt　pavement,　to　promote　self-controlling　temperature　technology　for　asphalt　pavement,　and　to　improve　the　sustainable　development　of　asphalt　pavement,　this　paper　reviews　the　research　status　of　PCMs　in　asphalt　pavement,　both　domestically　and　abroad.　The　results　show　that　the　thermal　conductivity　of　the　modified　asphalt　binder　can　reach　0.29-0.39　W/mK,　and　the　thermal　diffusivity　can　reach　0.2-0.3　mm2/s,　but　the　influence　on　the　viscosity　of　the　asphalt　is　limited,　and　both　are　less　than　2000CP.　The　durability　and　thermal　stability　of　the　modified　asphalt　mixture　are　improved,　and　the　maximum　temperature　can　be　lowered　by　9　degrees　C,　which　effectively　reduces　the　occurrence　of　hightemperature　stress.　This　review　will　help　to　better　understand　the　function　of　PCMs　and　promote　the　sustainable　development　of　green　and　environmentally　friendly　asphalt　pavement.