The　granular　and　natural　characteristics　of　soil　introduce　size　effects　to　its　deformation　and　strength　properties.　Therefore,　investigating　the　phenomenon　of　strain　localisation　in　soil　requires　a　multi-scale　characterisation.　This　study　examined　the　intrinsic　scale　patterns　in　samples　with　different　sizes　of　reinforcing　particles　through　triaxial　compression　tests.　Additionally,　the　formation　mechanism　of　microscopic　shear　bands　was　investigated　using　numerical　simulation　methods.　Drawing　from　the　soil　cell　model　theory,　the　average　strain　energy　release　coefficient　was　introduced　to　validate　the　transformation　of　the　overall　strain　energy　of　the　specimen　after　reaching　the　peak　stress.　This　reflects　the　progressive　initiation　and　competitive　process　of　multiple　bands.　The　results　indicate　that　samples　with　different　sizes　and　types　of　reinforcing　particles　exhibit　various　failure　patterns,　including　single-type,　＇x＇-shaped,　＇v＇-shaped,　parallel　and　others.　The　soil　exhibits　size　effects,　with　the　ratio　of　intrinsic　scale　to　particle　size　decreasing　as　the　size　of　reinforcing　particles　increases.　Prior　to　the　stress　peak,　non-elastic　dissipation　energy　begins　to　increase,　indicating　the　initiation　of　plastic　deformation　in　the　soil.　Localised　strain　zones　are　activated,　and　after　the　peak,　there　is　a　sharp　increase　in　stress　within　the　shear　bands,　accompanied　by　rebound　outside　the　band.