Internal　resistance　is　a　crucial　parameter　for　assessing　both　the　lifespan　and　battery　operation　state,　serving　as　a　key　indicator　of　the　challenges　associated　with　electron　and　ion　migration　or　diffusion　within　the　electrodes.　However,　accurately　measuring　internal　resistance　can　be　challenging　due　to　its　sensitivity　to　environmental　factors　such　as　temperature　and　pressure.　Precise　detection　of　internal　resistance　is　essential　for　enhancing　the　accuracy　of　battery　management　systems.　Given　the　current　challenges　in　internal　resistance　measurement,　such　as　the　influence　of　multiple　variables,　significant　errors,　and　limited　application　scope,　this　paper　reviews　and　analyzes　recent　research　on　five　typical　methods　for　measuring　the　internal　resistance　of　lithium　batteries,　namely,　the　mixed　pulse　power　characteristic　method,　DC　internal　resistance　testing　method,　AC　injection　method,　DC　discharge　method　and　electrochemical　impedance　spectroscopy　method.　The　study　focuses　on　the　specific　influence　of　internal　and　external　environments　on　internal　resistance　and　innovatively　explore　the　relationship　between　internal　resistance　and　battery　life,　operational　status,　and　safety　alerts.　These　insights　offer　a　pathway　to　improve　the　accuracy　of　chemical　power　performance　evaluations,　predict　chemical　power　life,　and　optimize　chemical　power　use.　Finally,　the　strategies　for　improving　internal　resistance　measurement　methods,　including　the　integration　of　machine　learning　models,　are　examined　and　discussed.　It　proposes　quantitative　metrics,　such　as　short　test　time,　high　test　consistency,　and　superior　accuracy,　to　further　refine　measurement　methods　and　expand　their　applications.　These　advancements　are　expected　to　significantly　enhance　the　accuracy　of　the　internal　resistance　measurement　in　chemical　power　systems,　improving　the　monitoring　and　analysis　of　battery　modules,　and　provide　new　ideas　for　optimizing　battery　performance　across　various　types　of　chemical　power　systems.　©　2024　Editorial　office　of　Energy　Storage　Science　and　Technology.　All　rights　reserved.