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Abstract:
Applying anammox to municipal wastewater treatment promises enormous energy and resource savings; however, seasonally cold conditions pose a considerable challenge, impeding its future applications towards non-tropical regions. In this study, we establish a pilot-scale wastewater treatment plant (50 m3/d) in northern China and implement the partial denitrification coupling anammox process on actual municipal wastewater. Despite seasonal cooling, the nitrogen removal efficiency remains high, ranging from 75.0 +/- 4.6% at 27.8-20.0 degrees C to 70.4 +/- 4.5% at 10-7.5 degrees C. This process exhibits remarkable low-temperature tolerance, achieving an in-situ anammox rate of 32.7 +/- 4.7 g-N/(m3d) at 10-7.5 degrees C and contributing up to 39.7 +/- 6.7% to nitrogen removal. Further 15N stable isotope tracing and kinetic tests reveal that the partial denitrification is capable of supplying increasingly abundant NO2- to anammox with decreasing temperature, enabling robust mainstream anammox against seasonal cooling. From 27.8 degrees C to 7.5 degrees C, anammox bacteria not only survive but thrive under mainstream conditions, with absolute and relative abundances increasing by 429.1% and 343.5%, respectively. This pilot-scale study sheds fresh light on extending mainstream anammox towards non-tropical regions, taking a necessary step forward toward the sustainability goals of the wastewater treatment sector. Low temperatures pose challenges to applying sustainable anammox technology in non-tropical regions. Here, authors propose a partial denitrification coupling anammox process and conduct a pilot-scale evaluation, offering insights into extending anammox applications to colder locations.
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NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
Year: 2024
Issue: 1
Volume: 15
1 6 . 6 0 0
JCR@2022
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ESI Highly Cited Papers on the List: 0 Unfold All
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30 Days PV: 2
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