The　purpose　of　this　study　is　to　assess　the　ecological　efficiency　of　manufacturing　small　and　medium-sized　enterprises　(SMEs)　by　analyzing　their　adoption　of　green　human　resource　management　practices　(GHRMPs),　green　intellectual　capital　(GIC),　and　green　innovation　(GIN).　The　study　was　carried　out　on　a　representative　sample　of　367　manufacturing　SMEs　in　Pakistan,　and　data　were　gathered　using　a　particular　survey　questionnaire.　The　results　were　analyzed　using　the　partial　least　squares-structural　equation　modeling　(PLS-SEM)　technique　in　SmartPLS4.　This　research　indicates　that　the　adoption　of　GHRMPs　significantly　impacts　environmental　performance　(EP),　GIC,　and　GIN.　Additionally,　the　study　found　that　the　correlation　among　GHRMPs　is　positively　mediated　by　GIC　and　GIN.　The　study　contributes　to　the　body　of　knowledge　by　investigating　EP　based　on　the　Ability-Motivation-Opportunity　Theory　(AMO)　through　empirical　evidence　on　hypothesized　relationships.　The　paper　provides　a　valuable　understanding　and　novel　approach　for　managers　of　SMEs　in　developing　countries　to　improve　their　EP　through　the　adoption　of　GHRMP,　GIC,　and　GIN.