Luminous　environment　is　typically　created　using　either　daylight　or　artificial　light,　which　are　often　treated　as　two　totally　different　light　sources　in　terms　of　standards,　research,　and　calculation　methods.　This　study　aims　to　investigate　the　different　human　physical　responses　of　visual　performance　within　daylighting　and　artificial　lighting.　Lab　experiments　were　conducted　with　12　participants　under　three　illuminance　levels　(300　lx　vs.　500　lx　vs.　1000　lx　at　horizontal　illuminance)　and　three　types　of　spectral　information　(daylight　vs.　conventional　LED　vs.　daylight　LED).　The　results　indicate　that　2-back　task　was　the　most　appropriate　test　for　visual　performance,　as　different　test　difficulties　had　a　great　influence　on　the　human　response.　Both　illuminance　levels　and　light　spectrums　were　found　to　have　substantial　effects　on　response　speed,　with　response　speed　emerging　as　a　more　sensitive　indicator　of　visual　performance　than　accuracy　in　this　experiment.　Among　the　three　illuminance　levels,　500　lx　emerged　as　the　ideal　condition　across　all　light　sources　tested.　Regarding　spectral　characteristics,　daylight　was　found　to　offer　unique　advantages　due　to　its　spectral　power　distribution,　which　aligns　well　with　human　perceptual　needs.　Daylight　LED　lighting,　which　closely　mimics　the　spectral　distribution　of　daylight,　is　a　suitable　replacement　for　conventional　LED　in　lighting　design.　These　findings　provide　valuable　insights　for　future　lighting　design　towards　enhancing　both　health　and　productivity.