This　study　investigates　the　liquefaction　characteristics　of　deep　soil　layers　and　their　subsequent　effects　on　the　seismic　response　of　subway　station　structures,　utilizing　shaking　table　tests　and　inputting　seismic　waves　of　varying　principal　frequencies.　Macroscopically,　the　liquefaction　of　deep　soil　strata　does　not　result　in　surface　manifestations　such　as　“water　spraying　and　sand　bubbling.”　However,　it　still　induces　cracking　and　damage　to　the　soil　surrounding　the　structure.　Analyzing　from　the　perspective　of　the　“pore　pressure　ratio”　reveals　that　the　ratio　under　free-field　conditions　is　significantly　lower　than　under　structural　conditions.　Additionally,　the　“pore　pressure　ratio”　caused　by　the　Beijing　Hotel　wave　is　greater,　followed　by　the　Beijing　artificial　wave,　while　the　Ming　Shan　wave　results　in　the　smallest　ratio.　In　terms　of　the　station　structure,　the　structural　acceleration　and　tensile　strain　increment　induced　by　the　Beijing　Hotel　wave　are　the　most　significant,　followed　by　the　Beijing　artificial　wave,　with　the　least　effect　from　the　Ming　Shan　wave.　This　indicates　that　the　liquefaction　behavior　of　deep　soil　layers　is　primarily　influenced　by　the　overlying　load　and　the　frequency　characteristics　of　seismic　waves.　The　construction　of　subway　stations　reduces　the　overlying　loads　on　soil　layers,　increasing　the　likelihood　of　soil　layer　liquefaction.　Meanwhile,　a　lower　main　frequency　of　the　seismic　wave　results　in　a　higher　degree　of　liquefaction　in　the　deep　soil　layers.　The　seismic　response　of　the　station　structure　is　contingent　on　the　frequency　characteristics　of　the　seismic　wave.　The　lower　the　primary　frequency　of　the　seismic　wave,　the　higher　the　seismic　response　of　the　station　structure.　Furthermore,　the　liquefaction　behavior　of　the　deep　soil　layers　also　impacts　the　seismic　response　of　the　station　structure,　particularly　the　tensile　strain　response　of　the　top　and　bottom　slabs　of　the　station　structure.　©　2025　The　Authors