The　inversion　of　subsurface　soil　layer　velocity　structures　using　the　earthquake　horizontal-to-vertical　spectral　ratio　(EHV)　is　a　significant　research　focus　in　seismology　and　earthquake　engineering.　Accurately　identifying　the　sensitivity　of　physical　and　mechanical　parameters　of　various　underground　soil　layers　is　crucial　for　developing　effective　inversion　strategies.　However,　most　existing　EHV　sensitivity　studies　focus　on　local　sensitivity　analysis　and　fail　to　comprehensively　reveal　the　global　sensitivity　of　model　parameters　across　different　soil　layers.　In　this　study,　we　conducted　statistical　analyses　using　648　borehole　datasets　from　the　KiK-net　network　and　1073　borehole　datasets　from　the　Beijing　region.　Based　on　these　analyses,　the　corresponding　statistical　models　were　developed.　Subsequently,　we　systematically　investigated　the　sensitivity　of　different　parameters　to　EHV　using　variance-based　global　sensitivity　analysis.　The　results　indicate　that　parameter　sensitivity　varies　with　frequency.　In　the　low-frequency　range,　the　variance　of　EHV　output　is　primarily　influenced　by　shear　wave　velocity　(Vs)　and　soil　thickness　(h).　In　contrast,　compression　wave　velocity　(Vp)　and　h　are　the　dominant　factors　in　the　high-frequency　range.　The　quality　factors　of　shear　waves　(Qs),　compression　waves　(Qp),　and　density　(ρ)　exert　negligible　effects　across　all　frequency　ranges.　This　study　aims　to　establish　effective　constraints　for　EHV　inversion,　facilitate　the　optimization　of　parameter　combinations,　assess　the　feasibility　of　the　inversion　scheme　and　the　reliability　of　the　results,　and　offer　valuable　insights　to　enhance　the　efficiency　of　the　inversion　process.　©　2025