The　concurrent　production　of　COx-free　hydrogen　and　multi-walled　carbon　filaments　by　thermocatalytic　decomposition　of　methane　is　advantageous　in　the　environmental　and　energy　catalysis.　In　the　present　work,　a　facile　＂one-pot＂　evaporation-induced　self-assembly　strategy　was　effectively　adopted　to　fabricate　the　nickel　catalysts　supported　on　mesoporous　Al2O3,　SiO2,　TiO2,　and　MgO,　and　their　catalytic　activities　for　methane　decomposition　were　evaluated　for　the　first　time.　The　structural,　textural,　and　redox　properties　of　the　as-obtained　materials　were　characterized　using　a　number　of　analytical　techniques.　The　nitrogen　sorption　analysis　indicated　the　presence　of　a　mesoporous　structure　due　to　homogeneous　aggregation　of　the　catalyst　particles　with　a　high　specific　surface　area　of　32-236　m(2)/g.　Among　all　of　the　catalysts,　Ni/MgO　exhibited　the　best　catalytic　activity　for　methane　decomposition　(65%　methane　conversion　at　600　degrees　C　and　GHSV　of　48,000　mL/(g　h)).　The　activity　increased　when　Ni　loading　increased　from　25　to　55　wt%.　The　investigation　on　the　correlation　between　catalytic　performance　and　promoter　doping　effect　suggests　that　incorporating　copper　into　the　MgO　support　considerably　enhanced　the　catalytic　activity　and　stability　at　high　temperatures.　The　XPS　results　reveal　that　doping　of　Cu　to　Ni/MgO　enhanced　the　adsorption　and　activation　of　oxygen　molecules.　In　addition,　the　disordered　crystalline　carbon　filaments　with　different　diameters　and　good　crystallinity　were　generated　on　the　surface　of　the　Cu-doped　Ni/MgO　catalysts.